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STructural behaviour Of Rock Mounted Lighthouses At the Mercy of imPulsive waves

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STORMLAMP end of project workshop

June 15, 2020

An online webinar was held last month on Wednesday 13th May 2020, 13:30 – 16:00 (BST), to mark the end of our four year EPSRC-funded STORMLAMP research project. The event involved presentations on lighthouse research and other relevant areas from academics, heritage professionals and industry stakeholders. There were also discussions on future directions for related research. The presentations can be viewed on the UCL EPICentre youtube channel here:

Although the face-to-face aspects of a workshop were missed, especially the ability to have more collaborative, interactive discussions with the audience, it was great to have input from those who might not have been able to attend due to distance. The project hopes to have further discussions about the future of this research.

The programme included a range of engaging speakers as follows:

The workshop began with an introduction to the STORMLAMP project by Professor Alison Raby, STORMLAMP Project PI, based at the University of Plymouth.

Tom Nancollas (Building conservationist and author of Seashaken Houses: A Lighthouse History from Eddystone to Fastnet), spoke on his experiences of research, writing and publishing his book Seashaken Houses.

Rob Dorey joined us from Trinity House, a charity dedicated to safeguarding shipping and seafarers, providing education, support and welfare to the seafaring community. He spoke on why STORMLAMP’s research is important to the UK and Irish General Lighthouse Authorities.

Professor Dina D’Ayala who leads University College London’s side of the STORMLAMP project presented ‘Crests and Troughs: the survival of Victorian lighthouses to extreme wave impact’. The talk provided an overview of the interdisciplinary approach of the project: the fundamental relevance of the historic information to develop a realistic  structural model, the need for extensive experimental and modelling work to determine the magnitude of the waves, and the role of in situ dynamic identification to validate the structural models. Through the study it is clear that it is the particular dry masonry construction and the dissipation that comes with it, that has ensured the survival of the 19th century lighthouses.

William Allsop presented on ‘Predicting safety of (old) vertical walls – the development of understanding and prediction methods’. William is an industry specialist and founder of William Allsop Consulting, formerly Technical Director for Maritime Structures at HR Wallingford, and currently a PhD candidate at University of Edinburgh writing a thesis on old British breakwaters.

Professor Paul Taylor of Oceans Graduate School, University of Western Australia, presented ‘Towers without rocks – wave loads on offshore wind turbines’. His talk brought us up to date with contemporary structures, discussing wave interactions with offshore wind turbine columns.

Michel Cousquer joined us from Cerema, the technical partner for the French Aids to Navigation authorities. He is currently the Maritime Safety Project Manager and has also been the vice-chairman of the IALA ENG committee (Aids to Navigation Engineering and Sustainability) since 2018. Michel Cousquer presented his talk, ‘Scientific community to rescue La Jument and l’Ile Vierge lighhouses’.

Key areas for the discussion were possible future research avenues, considering an interdisciplinary approach to other heritage structures on the coast.

Filed Under: Uncategorized

STORMLAMP end of project workshop: Full programme announced

May 6, 2020

The workshop, held on Wed 13 May is a virtual event to mark the end of the STORMLAMP research project. The event will involve presentations on lighthouse research and relevant areas from academics, heritage professionals and industry stakeholders. There will also be discussions on future directions for related research.

THE EVENT IS FREE, REGISTRATION REQUIRED

Joining the webinar:

The webinar will be held via Zoom and broadcast on YouTube.

Details will be sent out to everyone who has signed up via Eventbrite the day before the meeting. Registration here.

If you have any problems registering or accessing the event please email eve.allen@ucl.ac.uk

Programme:

Wednesday 13th May 2020, 13:30 – 16:00 (BST).

13:30 – 14:00 will be a soft start, to chat and resolve any connection issues. Talks will begin at 14:00.

Professor Alison Raby (STORMLAMP Project PI, University of Plymouth)

> Introduction to STORMLAMP

Tom Nancollas (Building conservationist and author of Seashaken Houses: A Lighthouse History from Eddystone to Fastnet)

> Tom will speak on his experiences of research, writing and publishing his book Seashaken Houses

Rob Dorey (Trinity House)

> Rob Dorey will speak on why STORMLAMP’s research is important to the UK and Irish General Lighthouse Authorities.

Professor Dina D’Ayala (University College London)

> Crests and Throughs: the survival of Victorian lighthouses to extreme wave impact

The talk will provide an overview of the evolution of lighthouse design from earlier examples in the 17th and 18th century to the iconic and enduring solution reached in the 19th century, which has become the standard of construction for rock mounted lighthouses affected by extreme wave loading.

William Allsop (William Allsop Consulting, formerly Technical Director for Maritime Structures at HR Wallingford. Current PhD candidate at University of Edinburgh)

> Predicting safety of (old) vertical walls – the development of understanding and prediction methods

Professor Paul Tayor (Oceans Graduate School, University of Western Australia)

> Towers without rocks – wave loads on offshore wind turbines

For waves hitting offshore wind turbine columns, a simple description is given for the main load distributed up the height of the immersed structure. For breaking waves, an extra ‘slam’ occurs high up. Both are discussed.

Michel Cousquer (Cerema)

> Scientific community to rescue La Jument and l’Ile Vierge lighhouses

Discussion:

Key areas for discussion:

-Avenues for future research and commencing an interdisciplinary proposal?

-Implications for other heritage structures on the coast?

-What socio-economic aspects didn’t we address in STORMLAMP?

SPEAKER BIOGRAPHIES

Professor Alison Raby, STORMLAMP, University of PlymouthPrincipal Investigator for STORMLAMP and Professor in Environmental Fluid Mechanics, School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics (Faculty of Science and Engineering), University of Plymouth.

Professor Dina D’Ayala, STORMLAMP, University College LondonProfessor of Structural Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, University College London. She is head of Civil Engineering and Co-Director of the Earthquake and People Interaction Centre, EPICentre. She is a director of the International Association of Earthquake Engineers and Fellow of the ICE.

Tom Nancollas, Building conservationist and author of Seashaken Houses: A Lighthouse History from Eddystone to Fastnet.

Born in Gloucester in 1988, Tom Nancollas is a writer and building conservationist based in London. After university, he joined English Heritage to work on church repair grants before moving on to the City of London and its historic townscape. Of Cornish ancestry, Tom maintained a love of seascapes during his work in the capital and became fascinated with offshore rock lighthouses, finding in them a new way of looking at buildings, heritage and, unexpectedly, family.

Rob Dorey, Trinity House

William Allsop

William Allsop founded William Allsop Consulting in 2017 having worked at HR Wallingford for 48 years as Technical Director for Maritime Structures. He has served on ICE Maritime Board, PIANC working groups, and contributed to PIANC, BSI, ISO and ICE working groups, the Rock Manual, Revetment and Exposed Jetties Manuals, and revisions to the BS6349. In 2014, he was appointed an Honorary Professor at University College London, previously Visiting Professor at Southampton, Sheffield, Belfast, and UTM. He is currently a PhD student at University of Edinburgh writing my thesis on: OLD BRITISH BREAKWATERS – HOW HAS HISTORY INFLUENCED THEIR SURVIVAL? – sections of which are appearing in ICE Forensic Engineering, Maritime Engineering, and Engineering History.

Professor Paul Taylor, Oceans Graduate School, University of Western Australia

Michel Cousquer, CEREMA

Michel Cousquer has been working for 15 years at Cerema which is the technical partner for the French Aids to Navigation authorities. He currently is the Maritime Safety Project Manager and he also has been the vice-chairman of the IALA ENG committee since 2018.

Filed Under: Uncategorized

Project PI, Professor Alison Raby publishes article on STORMLAMP project in Trinity House’s Flash Journal

March 30, 2020

Flash 32 Spring 2020, Trinity House

Professor Alison Raby has written an update on the STORMLAMP project for the Trinity House Spring 2020 edition of Flash, ‘A steer in the right direction’. As the STORMLAMP project nears its end, the article summarises the investigations that have taken place and the roles and expertise of each of the partner universities involved in the project: University of Plymouth, University College London and University of Exeter. The article also follows on from the summer 2016 edition of Flash, which reported on the initial pilot project conducted by the University of Plymouth on the Eddystone Lighthouse – which then led to the successful funding and launch of the STORMLAMP project.

Flash 32 Spring 2020, can be downloaded free here.

Alison Raby is Professor of Environmental Fluid Mechanics at the School of Engineering, Computing and Mathematics (Faculty of Science and Engineering) at University of Plymouth, and STORMLAMP’s PI.

Filed Under: Uncategorized

STORMLAMP Project Appoints New Communications Officer

February 10, 2020

The STORMLAMP project has appointed a new Communications Officer for the final leg of the research project.

Eve Allen has been appointed to support the communications side of STORMLAMP and will be based at University College London. She will be organising a workshop: ‘Monitoring and Modelling: Maritime Structures under Environmental Loading’, to mark the end of the project. Eve will also support the core research team in publicising project research, writing and editing blog posts and developing social media.

Eve has a background in fine art and design history, with an interest in material culture, industrial heritage and maritime history. Before joining UCL she studied History of Design MA at Royal College of Art and V&A Museum. This included spending four months in New York researching the nineteenth century transatlantic maritime trade, with a focus on the oyster industry. Her research was funded by V&A Museum, Bard Graduate Centre and the Association for Industrial Archaeology.

Eve has also worked in communications for UCL Department of Economics and UCL Culture. Away from STORMLAMP, Eve can be found at the cinema or visiting the coast.

Filed Under: Uncategorized

Job Opportunity: Communications Officer for STORMLAMP project

November 29, 2019

An opportunity has arisen to join the STORMLAMP team as our Communications Officer.

The post holder will be expected to promote the research carried out within the STORMLAMP project, helping us to reach and engage with the general public, academic and maritime industry stakeholders. STORMLAMP is a research project that is characterising wave loading and structural performance of offshore Victorian lighthouses. It comprises of three academic partners (UCL, Plymouth University, University of Exeter), the General Lighthouse Authorities of the UK & Ireland, and multiple industry partners.

Department: UCL Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering (CEGE)

Location: Bloomsbury UCL, London

Duration: Jan 2020 – 31 May 2020

Grade:   7, Scale point 29, £22.44 per hour (negotiable).

Part-time role: 4 hours per week (negotiable).      

Duties will include:

  • designing and producing newsletters, web documents and other literature;
  • maintaining an effective social media presence;
  • keeping abreast of research and industrial activities for dissemination to relevant stakeholders across appropriate media platforms;
  • organising a workshop for disseminating research findings to the general public, research and industry stakeholders.

Please view the attached pdf job description and person specification for further information. The ideal candidate will be a UCL employee or PhD student with an interest or background in comms, who is looking for an extra project.

If you wish to apply, please send your CV and a brief (one side of A4) description of why you are suited to this role, to CEGE-HR (cege-hr@ucl.ac.uk) by 5pm on Friday 6 Dec 2019. Interviews will take place between 9 and 17 December 2019.

Job Description and Person Specification: Download pdf

Contact Dr Athanasios Pappas (a.pappas@ucl.ac.uk) to discuss the job role further before applying.

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STORMLAMP meeting in London, hosted by Trinity House

November 12, 2019

On the 31st October 2019 Trinity House hosted the six-monthly meeting of the STORMLAMP team in their historic Tower Hill headquarters in London. We were pleased to be joined by representatives of Irish Lights and the Northern Lighthouse Board, the other two organisations that form the UK and Irish General Lighthouse Authorities. Having the GLAs all together meant we could discuss how best to draw together the STORMLAMP findings so they could directly impact operations. Also in attendance were the Environment Agency who were interested to hear how STORMLAMP methods have been applied to modelling wave impacts on a Cornish harbour wall. In addition to discussing all work packages we enjoyed a tour of the building, including the fine painting, models and treasures that it houses. It was a fitting venue for our meeting and we are grateful to Trinity House for their generous hospitality.

STORMLAMP team
  • Smeaton’s original book describing the construction of Eddystone Lighthouse
  • Winstanley’s 1st lighthouse on Eddystone. Survived only one winter

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Scale-model tests in Ocean basin

October 9, 2019

Experiments the lighthouse designers would like to have undertaken

September 2019 saw the pinnacle of the STORMLAMP physical modelling investigations in the University of Plymouth COAST Laboratory. In previous tests an instrumented 1:81 scale cylinder on generic reef slopes was tested, in both the glass-walled flumes and the Coastal Basin. But the latest tests ‘went large’ with a 1:40 scale model of the actual Wolf Rock lighthouse. The model was represented in meticulous detail, right down to the 1970s helideck structure at lantern level which had to be assembled like an airfix kit. The granite part of the lighthouse comprised eleven 3D printed parts. The external appearance looks very simple and elegant, but it hides a complex internal structure that houses a 6 axis load cell, 3 accelerometers and 12 pressure transducers, with the structure strengthened with a steel C-section core.

3D printing of Wolf Rock lighthouse model

The life-like representation didn’t stop at the lighthouse itself. The reef that it marks was also carefully represented with a structure built to scale out of marine ply, right down to the 48 m contour line. Data for the reef came from several sources: archive drawings gave several transects at the top of the rock, a Trinity House survey provided a detailed bathymetry of the rock and vicinity covering an approximate area of 1 km2, and an aerial survey conducted by Peter Ganderton provided fine details of the rock above the water level. These were carefully stitched together to produce the final shape. In retrospect that was the easy part compared to the construction!

Ocean basin around Wolf Rock

The first stage was to lift the Ocean basin moving floor up out of the water, as it’s designed to do, to assist with model deployments. Batons were screwed to fixing points that are spaced at 1 m intervals across the floor. Next, ‘ribs’ of the reef, obtained using a water jet cutter were fixed in the vertical plane and strengthened with noggins. The entire structure was then clad with 4 mm marine ply sheets and fixed in place. In total some 3,000 screws were used! 

Construction of a 1:40 scale model of the Wolf Rock lighthouse in the Ocean Basin in the COAST Laboratory at the University of Plymouth as part of the STORMLAMP project.

The crowning glory of the reef was obviously the lighthouse, which looks a little stark in canary yellow, but allows for the most effective distinguishing of water and the model.

Wave impact tests
Alison Raby (Plymouth University), Dassa Dassanayake (Plymouth University), Peter Dobson (Trinity House)

Filed Under: Uncategorized

Lights, Camera, Action…

October 9, 2019

Cameras on the Wolf Rock lighthouse, 8 miles off Land’s End, are now set to capture storm wave activity around the tower. Earlier this summer the STORMLAMP project commissioned marine instrumentation experts Mr Peter Ganderton and Dr Alex Nimmo-Smith of the School of Biological and Marine Sciences at the University of Plymouth to develop a low-power and remote-controlled stereo imaging system. They received guidance on the camera set-up from Dr Alvise Benetazzo from the Institute of Marine Sciences, ISMAR – CNR in Venice who has recently designed a similar system for La Jument lighthouse in Brittany, and others on fixed platforms and moving vessels.

The technical bit…

The system comprises 2 synchronised cameras and a mini computer for logging data, with bespoke software for data logging and control. To provide protection from the harsh environment the camera housings are rated IP66 (water protection from powerful jets) and all the control hardware is housed in an industry standard waterproof/crushproof case. The system is controlled via a 4G network that links to the Cape Cornwall Coastwatch station and then to the University of Plymouth. Two cameras with overlapping fields of view permit, via a complex algorithm, the extraction of quantitative wave data to be used in wave-structure interaction analysis of the lighthouse.

Great expectations

When storm waves crash onto the lighthouse they cause it to vibrate; these are sometimes discernible to personnel on station. Using a structural monitoring system already installed on the lighthouse as part of the STORMLAMP project, the vibration data gets sent back to the University of Exeter. The data is combined with information about the characteristics of the structure obtained from earlier field vibration testing. This linking of information allows the determination of the wave load that must have caused a particular vibration. Results from this so-called inverse analysis will in the future be combined with the camera system to provide the full story: the size of the wave as it comes crashing over the rocks, the wave load as it pounds against the tower and then the resulting vibration. It’s rare to get such detailed information at such a challenging site, but that’s what you get when you bring the very best people together on an engineering project. Now we just wait for the Atlantic storms to roll in.

Camera system on Wolf Rock lighthouse

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